From the perspective of talents, the task of academia is to cultivate talents, while industry harvests talents and uses human capital to create new products. In fact, there is no clear division of labor or boundary between academia and industry. The division of machinery may produce some situations of innovation for innovation, wasting resources and talents. The organic combination of academia and industry can produce synergy, technology spillover and other advantageous effects beneficial to scientific and technological progress and social development.

The quantity and quality of academic papers published in China have made great progress [1,2], but there is still much room for progress in industrial R & D. Bell Labs laid the foundation of electronic communication technology. Exxon successfully developed the first rechargeable lithium battery [3]. Dark blue developed by IBM defeated the chess master, SpaceX successfully launched a recyclable rocket, and Google's alphago defeated go player Li Shishi. We are familiar with the news reports of some industrial R & D achievements. In the information internet industry, Huawei, Tencent, Shangtang technology and other enterprises have developed many world leading technologies, but traditional industries such as medicine, automobile, daily chemicals, materials and chips and high-precision manufacturing industries need to be developed. Compared with the public publication of academic papers, due to intellectual property and patent protection, trade secrets and technology control, enterprises need to bear a lot of trial and error costs in the research and development of new technologies. On the other hand, the economic cost does not need to be considered too much for the publication of academic papers. A new material with excellent performance in the laboratory may have low yield due to the limitation of manufacturing process, which is difficult to quantify production on a large scale, resulting in no price or cost advantage and difficult to be adopted by the industry. Therefore, capital intensive large-scale manufacturing industry and laboratory level research show different characteristics, and it is more difficult to catch up with the R & D level of industry. Although the basic scientific research of academia does not rely on application, the vast majority of trained talents want to enter social work, so academia and industry must form better communication and communication, otherwise the division of machinery may lead to research behind closed doors, innovation for innovation and waste of resources.

What is innovation for innovation? By analyzing some concrete examples, we can intuitively feel and think about the meaninglessness of this innovation. At the end of the Japanese drama priceless life, the protagonist team played by Takuya Kimura wants to improve technology and develop a thermos that can keep warm for a week. This research and development is unnecessary because it does not consider the purpose or market of the technology at all. It is enough to keep the thermos warm for one or two days. You can boil water in a kettle for more than one day. Why, can the water in your thermos be hotter than the boiling water just boiled? [4] Unless the energy price is very expensive, the second pot of boiling water is very expensive; But electricity is so expensive, who can afford the first bottle of boiled water in the thermos? Perhaps, the fictional plots in TV dramas make people feel absurd, but there are also examples of innovation and innovation in real life. As the psychological companionship of the elderly in Japan and the purpose of improving cognitive function, robot dogs are criticized for only making "toys for the rich", because ordinary dogs have the function of psychological companionship and are competent for this task. Wu Xiaobo described examples of misinterpretation of enterprise innovation in economic development, "A young man of the research institute told Zhang Ruimin that the washing machine is used to wash clothes. How can it be used to wash Sweet Potatoes... In those years, Haier's' sweet potato washing machine 'became an Innovation story loved by the media, and even written into University Textbooks... This distortion and misleading of product innovation finally led to the technical progress of China's household appliance industry into formalism and technology hollowing out [5] in life, if boys work hard to earn money, but buy girls a strange lipstick (such as Barbie powder that ordinary people can't use) as a gift, it seems to others that it is just self moving with "low EQ", without considering the actual needs of users. Similarly, academia and industry need to promote more communication and exchange.

Small scale cooperation between academia and industry can promote the employment of talents, create products with actual demand and increase the content of science and technology. Around 1940, Samuel Wilks He entered Princeton University to engage in research in mathematical statistics. His statistical research in educational psychology contributed to the cooperation with the educational examination service center in the United States and helped complete the experimental design and process related to the statistics of standardized examinations [6, p.210-211] Note: ETS, educational testing service, ETS, sat, GRE and TOEFL are all held by ETS. It is conceivable that after completing the design of the standardized test, a series of new researches have been further produced, such as statistical inference, data analysis, cognitive psychology, teaching effect test and so on Research has produced new practical problems to further promote the cooperation between academia and industry.

There has been a discussion on the influence of product use on value since ancient times. Zhuangzi · neipian · xiaoyaoyou gives "medicine without turtle hands" A story of the Song Dynasty: the people of the Song Dynasty had a secret recipe for medicine, which was applied to their hands to protect their skin from cracking during cloth bleaching. After buying this secret recipe, the people of the Wu gave advice to the king of the Wu for military use. They protected their skin during a water war with the state of Yue in winter and won a reward after defeating the state of Yue. Rand Corporation of the United States Born out of defense needs, it employs outstanding mathematicians, scientists, computer experts and economists for policy and strategy analysis, such as von Neumann, Kenneth Arrow, smahe and John Nash (who later won the Nobel Prize in Economics) And so on. In the eyes of ordinary people, they are leaders in mathematics and economics in basic scientific research, and they are also studying meaningful practical problems in the real world. Lincoln Laboratory of MIT is a research and development center funded by the Ministry of defense, and Boeing develops products needed for defense. These examples show the new value of different scientific and technological applications. Our universities can not completely solve them Learn from this cooperation mode to prevent similar disputes between Harbin Institute of technology and MATLAB software, but the free flow of R & D personnel in academic and industrial circles is important. Looking for broader uses to meet the needs of the market or industry is an aspect that R & D personnel must consider.

Perhaps you will refute that the examples given above were more than half a century ago. At that time, it was just in the embryonic stage of technology. Now that science and technology has developed to a mature stage, how can there be so many new needs and problems? With the development of artificial intelligence and the reduction of the cost of sensors, people have developed new intelligent wearable devices. The wisdom of helping deaf mute people with sign language translation Wearable devices (hereinafter referred to as sign language gloves) are also undergoing preliminary research [7]. Although the citation does not talk about the technical problems of sign language gloves, the R & D of sign language gloves is not overnight. From the perspective of materials, it is necessary to be light, heat dissipation and durable, the establishment of sign language corpus of big data, and cognitive research of Brain Science (similarities and differences between sign language acquisition in childhood and adult sign language learning) , deep learning algorithm research, natural language processing software development and sign language action recognition need to learn from the research of manipulator, and may even be applied to human-computer interaction in the future, such as iron man The easier solution is to design a handheld mini keyboard to play voice through input. After receiving education and training, the deaf mute will be transformed into voice by typing and communicate with people who do not understand sign language (people's typing speed can often be higher than their speaking speed) In reverse communication, we can collect people's pronunciation, and then use speech recognition software to project words to the smart glasses of the deaf and mute, similar to the display of Google glasses. Due to China's large population base, the market demand for barrier free facilities to help the disabled is huge, which is a meaningful scientific and technological innovation; as the largest developing country, there are many needs and problems It depends on the R & D personnel to find design and solutions in a more economical way.

In fact, some industrial innovation parks originated near universities, such as the Church Hill Campus of the University of North Carolina, the triangle area composed of North Carolina State University and Duke University Few statistics related R & D companies [6, p.200; 8, p.64], Silicon Valley is promoted by an initiative of Stanford University, and Route 128 in Massachusetts is promoted by the president of MIT. He encourages university professors to establish innovative enterprises and help attract some venture capital [8, p.64] Some enterprises also take the initiative to seek cooperation from some advanced laboratories in universities. "In the process of searching for new ideas, P & G has established a new relationship network with other enterprises, suppliers, universities, research laboratories and venture capital." [9] venture capital is one of the catalysts and success factors for incubating high-tech innovative enterprises [10].

Compared with the small-scale cooperation between academia and industry, when some enterprises gather and develop in a certain area and gradually increase, an industrial localization is formed Krugman summarized Marshall's paper and explained that there are three reasons for the localization of enterprises: 1) the concentration of several companies in one industry in the same region can form a pooled market with concentrated skilled workers , this common market is beneficial to both enterprises and workers. 2) the formation of industrial centers can provide non tradable materials needed by industry, which has the advantages of low cost and diversity. 3) because local information circulation is more efficient than long-distance circulation, industrial centers can produce technology spillover effects... If a person starts a new idea, the idea will be rejected People adopt, synthesize and improve these ideas, which will promote the generation of new ideas [8, p.36-37]. In this way, through the generation and optimization of innovative ideas, technology spillover and other synergistic effects, it can promote the development of industrial centers more rapidly.

Innovative enterprises that successfully incubate new technologies in university laboratories can be encouraged by setting up scholarships and other forms to attract graduate students to carry out continuous R & D. with the development of scientific research in academia, some patented technologies may be bypassed by new R & D means. More mature enterprises can send employees to study new technologies in schools, The University gathers students and postgraduates of different majors from different cultures in different regions, which can produce some innovative ideas that are less limited by the framework; the R & D personnel in the enterprise have stronger purpose and focus, and R & D that is more in line with the actual needs can be valued and given priority in the communication between academia and industry.