Researchers usually use the saying "publish or die" to remind themselves to continue to produce scientific research results. From the semantic point of view of English, the word "publish" expresses the need for publicity; Scientific research achievements are not kept by themselves, but also need to be known to the public. With the professionalization of scientific research, academic publications, including papers and oral reports, have received more emphasis and attention. Due to the different forms and styles of papers and reports, students should also adopt different preparation strategies to show their achievements on the academic road.

The trouble of writing compositions in primary and secondary schools prompted some students to specialize in science and Engineering in universities. As a result, they found that they still needed to write and publish at the graduate stage. They couldn't help complaining. If they knew so, they wouldn't read science and engineering. But engaging in Humanities and Social Sciences also needs writing and publishing. In society, it is inevitable to output and express through writing, report and other forms. When explaining "understanding" in linguistics, Russell explained as follows: "when the following two situations occur, we can say that someone has understood a word: (1) he can use the word in an appropriate situation; (2) He can respond appropriately when he hears this word. We call these two situations' active understanding 'and' passive understanding 'respectively. Dogs usually have passive understanding of some words, but they will not have active understanding, because dogs can't speak. "[1] composition in primary and secondary school is an active expression of their understanding and opinions. After entering the society, there are no exams similar to those in school. If you don't express it, you may be considered as not understanding or agreeing with others' opinions. Postgraduates need to cultivate their expression ability, and publishing scientific research achievements is an indispensable practice.

In the study of philosophy of science, Robert Merton believes that the reward form of science is mainly recognition, especially focusing on the first discoverer [2]. In real life, if you are the first to go to the south pole, or you have been to the south pole, but don't show the photos or evidence to the public, many people will think you are bragging; Scientific research is the same. It needs to be proved by output. The Nobel Prize for science is often awarded to the first discoverer or the discoverer of major breakthrough achievements, which shows the importance of public publication of research results for scientific research.

In the field of mathematical optimization research, there is an anecdote about the naming of research results. Karush Kuhn Tucker conditions were named after the results published by Kuhn and tucker in 1951. Later, scholars found that karush had stated this result in his master's thesis in 1939, and then put karush's name at the top [3]. Karush was lucky to some extent. Although he was a little late, he got the recognition he deserved. But it also reminds us that if we only do scientific research, but do not publish it, and do not publish it in English, the research results may be buried, especially in the reality of increasing the output of scientific research papers. Researchers need to participate in international academic conferences, communicate and publish in English, and show their research results. From the perspective of published papers, it is meaningful to pursue influence factors. Publishing papers in more popular academic journals can get more peer attention. The effect of such academic exchange is also two-way. Knowing the research progress of others may reduce their mistakes in repeating the previous research and reduce the waste of time or resources.

For young researchers, continuous scientific research output is necessary to find work in academia. The publication of papers and the oral report of academic conferences are two important parts. In the book "it's not enough to have a doctor's degree!" aimed at the academic suggestions of postgraduates and postdoctors, the author used two chapters to emphasize the publication of papers and academic reports [4]. In fact, there is a great distance from the start of scientific research projects to the output of scientific research achievements. Due to different research fields, it is difficult to summarize the process of scientific research in this short article. Wright mills gave a lot of useful research suggestions in his book "sociological imagination" [5]. In this paper, mills introduced how to read literature, find topics of interest, accumulate different thoughts on scientific research projects, how to record and sort out ideas and insights, so as to obtain systematic thinking, how to implement scientific research plans, and so on; He even gave some very interesting ways of thinking, such as "you can often get the best insight by considering extreme situations, that is, thinking about the opposite of what you pay direct attention to" [5, p.301].

Before writing a thesis, it is very important to think clearly about three questions, "(1) how difficult and complex my research content is, (2) what position I want to enjoy when writing, (3) who I am trying to write for." [5, p.308] after understanding these three questions, we can think from the perspective of language. The two elements of written language are syntax and semantics. Correct syntax and grammar can ensure the correctness and effectiveness of writing. Strunk's Book Elements of style is a classic textbook for English grammar teaching, which explains the elements of English writing in detail [6]. Postgraduates can also refer to the common technical writing habits of Chinese students to correct their mistakes [7] From the semantic point of view, it is necessary to clearly and logically discuss the point of view. Good reasoning believes that a good discussion should meet at least five criteria: (1) have a good structure, (2) the correlation between the premise and the conclusion, (3) the premise must be acceptable to a rational person, (4) the listed premise can fully explain the conclusion, (5) Provide effective refutation for predictable criticism [8]. The book "reason well" gives a detailed explanation for these writing requirements and lists many common logical errors, so as to provide a lot of practice for effective discussion. There are so many writing requirements in different aspects, which will indeed make it difficult for graduate students who are new to thesis writing.

The writing of scientific papers is not as unrestrained as literary creation, but has a relatively fixed mode [9] [10] at the beginning of writing a paper, it's like design, and the first step is always very difficult. A common skill in design is to put all the elements required by a design project in the layout without too much consideration of the final design, and then consider how to organize, arrange and optimize This preliminary operation can reduce the anxiety of meeting all requirements. On the other hand, many important results of scientific research papers are displayed in the form of charts. Students can also consider what important charts need to be provided, discuss around the charts, try to tell a story, and think about the papers from the perspective of charts from the overall perspective Better layout. The experimental records accumulated at ordinary times can provide rough charts needed for paper writing as the sub argument or premise of paper conclusions. Excellent papers obtained during literature reading provide wonderful research results and make people feel rediscovery when reading These wonderful reading papers also provide students with transitional arrangements of paragraphs, layout of contents and materials, effective refutation or support for possible criticism, beautiful composition of charts, etc. for reference. The organic combination of input and output can deeply understand and practice the writing of the paper. Finally, different from all aspects of experimental records, The paper needs to trim some too fine technical details, which can be used as attachments to highlight the important conclusions of the paper.

Due to different disciplines, the speed of research progress is very different. For example, the knowledge in the field of machine learning is updated quickly, and more rapid academic exchanges are often carried out through conference papers. However, the cycle of journal papers in economics is long, so researchers need to talk about their working papers in academic reports The academic circles attach great importance to the report because of the quickness and interactivity of the presentation. In the process of paper review, the reviewers are often peers in the same field, and the audience of the academic report is often more diverse. "Please remember that few professional scientists can spend a lot of time reading. They learn about new and interesting work by attending academic conferences and seminars. If you can express your research well in these places, you can attract more attention." [4, p.40] It seems inconceivable to condense several years of research work into an oral report of about half an hour; however, if the audience of the report is difficult to understand, they often feel that it is the reporter's problem rather than their low IQ. For example, the audience also knows that building a building takes a long time, and they need the reporter to talk about the wonderful design of the building rather than the concrete Academic report is more difficult than paper writing, which requires good background introduction, good material selection, more story expression and good transition between slides.

Oral report not only requires language expression ability, but also needs to adjust the psychological state well. Sometimes it even needs the help of body movements to help convey ideas. Strategies and training in drama can help oral expression ability [11]. During my study, the school's English Training Center improved our English expression through some skills of drama （Drama techniques for presentation） For example, when you control your breathing to be short and fast, you seem to become nervous; when we control our muscles or facial expressions, we also drive the mood change to a certain extent, just like actors entering the state. Some students have a sense of fear and anxiety about public speeches or reports, and systematic desensitization psychological practice can greatly reduce the sense of anxiety [12] Graduate students can consciously exercise different aspects of oral reports and the ability to answer questions when explaining other people's literature in ordinary group meetings. A graduate student needs to accumulate experience and confidence in practice, score points in different stages similar to F1 racing, and finally achieve the goal of publishing the first paper of his scientific research activities.

It's easy to get on paper. You know it well. Practice makes perfect These different proverbs point out the importance of practice. If you don't practice oral English, you may be in a state of dumb English; the passive understanding of the rules of chess is very simple, but you can't get active understanding without practice. The writing and reporting of scientific research achievements may be two words in the final analysis: practice.