Although he has retired for many years, he will still be invited to read some applications for the establishment of scientific research projects or defense reports. It is often found that some young applicants are unclear about the logical relationship in the main content, which affects the final outcome of the project. I think today's young university teachers generally have doctoral degrees, and some have post doctoral scientific research and overseas scientific research experience. If they come step by step, the logical relationship of the main content in the scientific research project application should not become a big problem. Of course, some young people do not pay much attention to the learning and training of Chinese language and writing skills, resulting in the lack of expression of logical relations. Another topic is Liu Qingsheng, watching scientists' blogs and talking about both arts and science, science.com, December 16, 2013. We can imagine that it would be a pity if the applicant took great pains to propose a very innovative project topic. However, due to the unclear logical relationship of the demonstration content, the letter evaluation experts and meeting evaluation experts could not understand it, so that the project evaluation would lose points. On the contrary, the written text of the project demonstration content has a good logical relationship, which will also impress the review experts and achieve success.

The core content of a basic scientific research project (taking the National Natural Science Foundation project as an example) can be roughly divided into two parts: the first part: the basis for project establishment. This part mainly tells peer experts why this topic is worth doing and what innovative things are different from peers on the basis of full investigation of predecessors (including their own) achievements. This part of the content will also involve some logical relations, such as the historical evolution of the topic can not be reversed, the weight can not be confused, and the contribution of peers in the field should be judged objectively and fairly. In addition, this part will also involve the discussion of logical relationship in the selection of scientific problems.

Part II: research objectives → scientific issues (the content appears in the basis of project establishment) → research content → research scheme → research route → expected results. The logical relationship of this part is important and easy to be confused. I understand and express the logical relationship between them in this way: the research goal is at the top level, a bit like many universities in China plan to be completed within a few years??? A high-level university. For example, the school running goal of China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) is to "strive to build itself into an internationally renowned research university in the field of Geosciences on the basis of building a first-class university with coordinated development of multiple disciplines." (from the school profile) if it is an applied basic research project, the research goal seems to be more clear, which is to solve some "neck technology" Basic scientific issues (different from technology R & D). Then we should clearly explain several scientific problems in order to achieve the goal. Of course, the selection of scientific problems first appears in the "project basis" part. When there are several scientific problems, we should also pay attention to the selection of key scientific problems and the expression of the logical relationship between research objectives and scientific problems according to the logical relationship. The accurate selection of scientific issues that meet the research objectives must rely on the research and accumulation of Liu Qingsheng, scientific issues and key issues of the project application of the National Natural Science Foundation, science network, February 22, 2013. I have repeatedly stressed that the quality of the scientific research process experienced by doctoral students is often more important than issuing several general papers eager for quick success and instant benefit, "Liu Qingsheng, graduate students should pay attention to the scientific research process, science net, December 6, 2019".

After selecting the scientific issues, we should design the research content around the "scientific issues". If multiple research contents are designed, the logical relationship between them is very important. Taking the design of three research contents as an example, the logical relationship is roughly as follows: first, study?? (the first research content); Then you can implement?? Research (the second research content); What is the final study?? (the third research content). Of course, there may be a logical relationship of mutual feedback between the three research contents. It is necessary to show the review experts that the implementation of the research contents with three clear logical relationships can basically achieve the predetermined objectives set by the project. The next step is to design the research scheme, research route and proposed research methods. The logical relationship between the three should be: design the research route according to the research scheme, and the research method serves the implementation of the research route. The research methods should not be pragmatic, including the analysis process and relevant equipment to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data, and the physical and mathematical models of calculation and numerical simulation. The logical relationship between them seems clear. The last is the expected results outlook, which should give the reviewers the impression of such a logical relationship: with the previous research process, it should be natural to obtain the expected results, although new problems may arise in the research process, which is determined by the exploratory nature of the basic research project.

There is no doubt that the expression of logical relationship in the main content of a high-quality project demonstration material mainly depends on the applicant's logical thinking ability and writing skills. When a scholar meets a soldier, he has reason to make it clear, among which logical relationship is very important. We are often impressed by the content and talent of those scientists' reports, which involves the clear logical relationship expression in their reports. Therefore, when attending academic conferences and listening to peer expert reports, we should pay full attention to the logical relationship between "report content", "speech style" and "oral (including body language) expression". In this way, you can maximize the benefits of attending academic conferences, not just gain a little professional knowledge and meet peers.

The above is just my own experience, not necessarily accurate, for your reference only.