For many doctoral students, the most difficult thing is how to choose topics, refine scientific issues, how to determine the research content after refining scientific issues, and write the final doctoral dissertation. In order to provide some help to the development of subject teaching, the tutor to guide students and the development of the doctoral program, I would like to talk about my feelings today.

The birth of an excellent doctoral thesis is inseparable from the cutting-edge, innovative and the topic with great economic and social value. If the topic is selected well, the matter will be half successful. You have to do a project, a book, can not leave a good topic. For how to choose a topic, I believe many people have unique opinions. I personally summarize two points: first, we should closely combine the major needs of economic and social development, and select the problems faced by major needs to solve. For example, China plans to achieve the peak carbon in 2030 and achieve the goal of carbon neutralization in 2060. The realization of this goal needs to solve many problems, such as improving the proportion of non-carbon energy, solving the utilization efficiency of non-carbon energy and so on; Second, those basic short-term may not see benefits, but in the future, it is also a crucial topic, such as artificial intelligence algorithm, gene editing technology, etc. It is self-evident that the value of choosing their own doctoral topics around these topics is self-evident. Of course, not everyone is so lucky, perhaps their own project is directly delegated, not "tall", I think the topic is like chicken ribs, tasteless, abandoned pity. But you should think about the teacher may not have a good topic for you to do, you must find the common rules and principles in this chicken ribs, and you can get along the road (self comfort HA) when you encounter the high-rise project later.

Scientific problems are the ultimate direction of doctoral research, that is, what your project is to solve and what it is to be realized. After the topic is selected, we should reflect on what our subject should solve, such as developing a new waterproof material, then the final problem of the project is to study the waterproof property of the material. The scientific problem can be the improvement of the waterproof performance of new materials, the mechanism of the improvement of the waterproof performance of new materials, etc. If you can't answer your own scientific questions well, it means that your scientific questions are not refined.

After the scientific problems are refined, the next step is to determine the research content, which is to solve the refined scientific problems. For the doctoral thesis, which is a systematic paper, you must grasp it as a whole before you do the experiment formally. If you do not plan for the overall situation, you cannot seek a domain. The research content is the chapter content of your doctoral dissertation later. Therefore, it is necessary to think globally. The first step is to list the outline of the doctoral thesis, find the tutor and classmates for discussion, and determine whether your research content logic is reasonable and whether the level can support a doctoral thesis. If the result of the discussion is too shallow or too difficult, it needs to be modified until the level of the doctoral thesis is reached. This step determines the later experimental scheme, experimental process, experimental cycle and later analysis, and should be focused on. Therefore, the recommendation has not been determined the topic of doctoral students to consider. The framework of the doctoral thesis is set up, and then the detailed experimental scheme is used to solve the technical problems encountered in the experiment scheme, such as the production of experimental equipment, the production of experimental materials, etc. The last step is to write a big paper. With the previous foreshadowing, the writing of big papers will be much easier. Finally, the final writing is the elaboration of words, the revision of the text and the further improvement of the level.

Finally, I hope that each tutor and classmate can accumulate rich scientific research experience, summarize and summarize the experience, and provide better guidance for the later, so as to make scientific research more efficient and make science and technology more progress.