Every graduate student will be influenced by the tutor. Some graduate tutors are nanny type, and they should be managed everything. This kind of teacher is relatively hard, and students produce more papers. However, because of their trivial management, the tutors tend to drift into details and ignore the more important situation, which leads to the students' laziness and even less motivation after graduation; Some of the tutors are sheep free. In this case, the technology that graduate students directly learn is relatively small. The achievements of graduate students mainly rely on their own efforts. It is said that after several years, such mentors can not even remember their students' names. The research groups of these two limit conditions exist in China, and there are many deficiencies in both cases; The best situation is a golden point between them. The tutor should pay attention to the problem appropriately, and the problem is difficult, but the difficulty is within the scope of graduate students' ability and teach according to their aptitude.

I read the old article of Professor zhaoenguang by chance some time ago, which was not published for various reasons; I am open here with the consent of Mr. Zhao Enguang. Professor Zhao enluang's tutor is Mr. Yu Min, a master in the field of Nuclear Science in China and the winner of the national highest prize for science and technology. Mr. Yu was strict and kind in guiding graduate students, and he cultivated students to be ambitious and lofty. He taught his life and kept things silent. This article is not only a good historical material, but also a good reference for the way our postgraduates are guided.

In 1963, I took a postgraduate student of Institute of atomic energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and my tutor was Mr. Yu min. At that time, there was no degree system in China, so there was no difference between master's and doctoral students. The only difference is that the general graduate students in Colleges and universities are three-year system, and the graduate students in the Academy of sciences are four-year system, so I should study for four years under the guidance of Mr. Mr; Later, because of the reasons of "the four Qing Dynasty" and "Cultural Revolution", my graduate students actually only studied for two years. But what I learned from Mr. Yu in the past two years has been affecting my research career for more than 40 years.

I remember when I first reported to the Zhongguancun Branch of the Atomic Energy Institute, Comrade Guan postgraduate called Mr. Yu in the Department of the Institute to ask whether I was placed in the branch or in this department. Mr. Yu's reply was put on Zhongguancun Branch, and then I understood the important influence of Mr. Yu's decision on the road I followed later.

At that time, Mr. Yu also had a graduate student from Tsinghua University, wuhuifang. In the first stage of study, Mr. Yu assigned us the task of studying is to read Rose's theory of angular momentum. At that time, I didn't understand this arrangement very much, but I had to study hard, and in the future research work, I gradually realized the importance of angular momentum theory. A lot of the content of this book is constantly applied in my research work. My second stage of study is to read Xiarong's "the lecture on atomic nuclear theory". This was the only Chinese book on nuclear theory at that time, which was compiled according to the speeches of Mr. Yang Liming and Mr. Yu Min in the summer school in Chengdu. Now this book can't be found in bookstores, but it is still one of the main references that our generation often read. It has played an important historical role in the development of nuclear physics in China. After entering the third stage of learning, our main task is to read the literature about nuclear superconductivity. Most of these literatures are collected in the fifth issue of 1964 of "physical translation cluster". The main articles are: Bohr, mottelson and pines "the possible similarity between the excitation spectra of the nuclear and superconducting metal states", bohr and mottelson's atomic nuclear structure, kisslinger and Sorenson's "dual force and long-range force of single closed shell nucleus", Beliaev's "Application of regular transformation method in nuclear" and baranger's "generalization of heavy spherical core shell model" etc. These articles are still the classic literature of nuclear superconductivity. At the end of the three stages of learning, two years have passed.

During our study, Mr. Yu constantly assigned us homework and carefully corrected our homework. I'm afraid that this is not uncommon in graduate education. And when I later directed my graduate students, it was not easy to do it. During the two years from 1963 to 1965, he met us almost once a week, first of all, we reported on our studies, with particular emphasis on asking questions to him. We asked a lot, he was very happy and enthusiastic to answer; If we have no problem, he often doubts whether we really understand what we have seen; Sometimes even criticize us. Before we meet, we have to work hard to find problems from articles or books we have read. Later I gradually realized that the reading effect can be deepened by finding questions. More importantly, it has developed a habit of mine, and likes to look at the same problem from another perspective; Doing so often leads me to new ideas in my research work.

Mr Yu asked us once what thermal neutrons are, how much energy it has, and how it gets it. We didn't answer that at the time, and he asked us to go back to think about it. Mr. Yu also often reminds us that we should remember several common values of physical constants, such as Planck constant, Boltzmann constant, electronic quantity, etc., so that many problems can be qualitatively estimated quickly. He emphasized the importance of qualitative estimation very much. Shortly after the establishment of theoretical physics in the early 1980s, when I talked with Mr. penghuanwu, I accidentally said that Mr. Peng agreed with us and asked me immediately, "what is the equivalent of 1 MeV to absolute temperature?"

In the early 1970s, some young people (including me) from the IAEA division visited Mr. Yu to seek his opinion on the direction of the scientific research development of the division. He received us with great enthusiasm and spoke quite frankly. After drawing a circle on a piece of paper, he said to us: the circle is atomic nuclear physics, we have already known a lot about the circle, of course, there are still many things in the circle that are still unclear; But it's not possible that nuclear physics is going to go beyond this circle. We can draw this circle for nuclear physics today. But we can't draw this circle for high energy physics yet. We don't know how big it is, so he suggests we pay more attention to high energy physics. Mr Yu's view is one of the first suggestions to suggest that the atomic energy sector should be shifted to high-energy physics. Most of the people who go with him are now working in high energy physics. Unfortunately, I did not listen to Mr. Yu's proposal, but I have been stuck in nuclear physics. I am not too impressed by the way Mr. Mr. thought about this circle. Whenever I look at a new field, I often want to think about whether I can draw the circle. If people have drawn this circle, can we break through it?

In the 1990s, my younger sister Zhao and I often visited Mr. Yu during the Spring Festival. He and his mother are very happy to meet us every time, and they are very warm to entertain us, which makes us feel very kind. We get a lot of support and encouragement in the relaxed chat. When I talked about the harvest during the graduate study, he said modestly, "I am sorry that I didn't guide you to do a complete research work during your study", which is also our regret. Since the cultural revolution, our graduate studies have been interrupted since the summer of 1966 and can no longer be recovered. But my two years of learning with Mr. Yu have benefited me for a lifetime. What we learned from Mr. Yu is not just the method of study and research; More importantly, there are also basic principles of being human.

I remember that shortly after the cultural revolution, I went to see Mr. Yu at home. I asked him, "in the great newspaper of the cultural revolution, you appreciate Zhugeliang's saying," indifferent to the mind, peace to the distance ", is that the case He asked me, "be calm, be quiet, what is wrong with it?". Mr. Kongming's words have been the motto of many people and people for thousands of years, and write the history of the Chinese nation in the calm and indifference. My mentor, Mr. Yu Min, also works hard in peace and devotes selflessly to the cause of nuclear science of the motherland.