There will be many different types and levels in the process of scientific research and thinking. Different scholars may have very different and unique personal experience on this issue. But if we don't want to say whether there are universal scientific research moves, I think the only one that can be used is also the most important one, which is to try to put the object of research as far as possible, Its origin, origin and evolution, its internal mechanism, are clearly sorted out, understood and analyzed clearly (including: what are the apparent phenomena? And what are the internal mechanisms, internal reasons and internal logic behind these apparent phenomena. In such a process of deepening the understanding of the thing (this thing can be a real or practical process of a specific real world, or an existing knowledge theory), and in such a process of continuously expanding and perfecting the analysis of the matter as completely as possible, scientific research innovation often appears naturally. That is, the primary task of scientific research and academic thinking is to understand the research, including observing and understanding the object from the experimental process and the experimental data level (i.e. from the surface phenomenon level), and also in the theoretical level and the internal logical structure level (i.e. from the abstract internal mechanism level) to understand the matter in depth.

In the process of deep analysis and deep understanding of the above-mentioned combination of "apparent phenomenon" and "internal mechanism", new scientific discoveries and new scientific creation will naturally arise, because in the process of your understanding, If you find a better way of understanding (including the way of operation or combination) and a better way of interpretation, it often means that there are two possibilities: 1) you have improved your own understanding of the thing (including understanding of the principles and performance of a certain operation, combination, etc.) and cognition (in this case, if the way of understanding The operation, combination or cognitive methods are existing, but you have not learned or really learned what you understand before; 2) Or you have made new scientific discoveries and scientific creations yourself (this corresponds to the fact that the way of understanding, how it works, how it is combined or explained is something that has never been in the field before and is indeed more effective, deeper, simpler or more universal).

Even technology research and development or other experimental science are similar. That is, to make scientific research and innovation, you must first understand the existing technology and the existing similar technology or similar technology. What are their principles? Do you really understand their core principles? If some technologies (or schemes) are better than others, why? Where is it? What are their working principles? Then, in the process of understanding and deliberation, we gradually find out whether there are any specific areas that can be improved. In the process of R & D of experimental technology, understanding is still the first and the first step. The core mechanism of real understanding of existing technology is the first step, but when I can't come up, I will say: "I mean to innovate, I mean to create, I am going to innovate or even subvert the existing technology.". It is best to be able to have innovation and subversion, but the prerequisite for innovation and subversion of existing technology is that you have enough in-depth understanding and understanding of existing technologies, existing related technologies or similar technologies, and know their core mechanism and key points, You know the origin and development of the research and have enough knowledge of the relevant technical background, especially deep enough, then, on this basis, you can truly find out which parts of the existing technology are defective, which can be improved or even can be changed and subverted. With the development of science and technology of human beings, the depth and breadth of human knowledge system and technology system have reached an extremely wide range. This is very different from the early industrial revolution and the stage when the scientific revolution began to sprout. Under the current development situation, if we do not know the existing technology very much, It is almost impossible to make significant new technology inventions and new technology creations (although this possibility will not be strictly equal to zero, but will be extremely close to zero) if the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies (including similar technologies or similar technologies) cannot be understood in depth.

Therefore, the last two sentences are summarized as follows: the first task in academic research is to learn and understand, and the intellectual knowledge will be naturally improved and sublimated in the process of learning and understanding. The most important task in scientific research is understanding and questioning on the basis of understanding; Innovation and creation will naturally arise in the process of understanding and in the process of questioning "understanding based".

What needs to be added is: because the existing knowledge system of human beings is extremely large and the individual energy is limited, this means that you can hardly understand all the relevant theories and related technologies. Fortunately, there is a mutual connection between knowledge and technology, Some specific knowledge or technology may not have been seen or only once a knowledge“ Knowledge and knowledge are the goals pursued by scholars. But knowledge does not necessarily mean that all know, the storage capacity of human brain is limited, and human energy is limited. In the modern era of knowledge explosion, it is impossible to achieve full knowledge. Fortunately, everything is essentially connected, Therefore, to form the ability of "knowledge" is not necessarily to be "knowledge" (see "several dialogues and discussions on how to conduct academic study and scientific research exploration." "scientific research is not only to prove that they may be right, but also to check whether they may be wrong".